This concur with most of the recent research around narcissistic behaviour I have read. That it is usually caused by environmental effects (narcissistic parents etc) or low self-esteem during childhood.

From what I have understood it’s like a defence mechanism that has gone haywire.

I had a lot of links saved on my phone but for some reason they didn’t sync and the phone is gone.

Found this with a quick search https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1236838/

Then of course you have the sociopathic and psychopathic variants that do not have the emotional connection at all but that’s in another ballpark.

We seem cold and distant but are very social if you do manage to get us talking.

We are very efficient even though we spend a lot of time in meetings and we all think it’s very important to always have a consensus.

We think we are better than our neighbors but we love them as a family.